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48CottonGoodsManufacturers,PetitiontotheLordsCommissionerofHisMajesty’sTreasury,TreasuryDepartment,T1,676/30,NationalArchivesoftheUK,Kew;Dispatch,November21,1787,BombayDispatches,E/4,1004,OrientalandIndiaOfficeCollections,BritishLibrary,London.
49Chapman,TheCottonIndustryintheIndustrialRevolution,16.
50MarionJohnson,“Technology,Competition,andAfricanCrafts,”inCliveDeweyandA.G.Hopkins,eds.,TheImperialImpact:StudiesintheEconomicHistoryofAfricaandIndia(London:AthlonePress,1978),262;IrwinandSchwartz,StudiesinIndo-EuropeanTextileHistory,12.
们知道，在整个18世纪，奴隶是非洲最重要
“出口品”，占贸易总额80%至90%。J.S.HogendornandH.A.Gemery,“The‘HiddenHalf’oftheAnglo-AfricanTradeintheEighteenthCentury:TheSignificanceofMarionJohnson’sStatisticalResearch,”inDavidHenigeandT.C.McCaskie,eds.,WestAfricanEconomicandSocialHistory:StudiesinMemoryofMarionJohnson(Madison:AfricanStudiesProgram,UniversityofWisconsinPress,1990),90;ExtractLetter,EastIndiaCompany,
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