C.Crawford,TheHeritageofCotton:TheFibreofTwoWorldsandManyAges(NewYork:G.P.Putnam’sSons,1924),v;AngusMaddison,TheWorldEconomy:AMillennialPerspective(Paris:DevelopmentCentreoftheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment,2001),27.即使有人强调工业g,m加大经济增长
速度并不快，比如NicholasCrafts，仍然认为这是“加快全要素生产率增长”分水岭。见NicholasCrafts,“TheFirstIndustrialRevolution:ResolvingtheSlowGrowth/RapidIndustrializationParadox,”JournaloftheEuropeanEconomicAssociation3,no.2/3(May2005):525–39,here533.ButseePeterTemin,“TwoViewsoftheIndustrialRevolution,”JournalofEconomicHistory57(March1997):63–82,以重申工业g,m对整个英国经济影响。关于工业g,m解释几乎和关于它书
样多。有关详细概述，请参阅Inikori,AfricansandtheIndustrialRevolutioninEngland,chapter2.但长期而缓慢文化或体制变革并不能解释英国与世界其他地区迅速分化。
8PeterSpencer,SamuelGreg,1758–1834(Styal:QuarryBankMill,1989),6.
9MauriceDobb,StudiesintheDevelopmentofCapitalism(NewYork:InternationalPublishers,1964),294;EricHobsbawm,TheAgeofRevolution,1789–1848(London:Abacus,1977),49;Rose,TheGreg
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